VAT Calculator

Add or remove VAT from any price instantly — UK, EU, USA and Poland rates built in

Country:

Add VAT — UK

Net Amount (ex VAT) £100.00

£0£100k

VAT / Tax Rate 20%

UK Rates:

0%50%

Gross Amount (inc VAT)

—

Enter details above to calculate

Net (ex VAT)

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VAT Amount

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Gross (inc VAT)

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// Price Split

Net

VAT

Net: —

VAT: —

// Compare VAT Rates

Rate	VAT Amount	Gross Price	Net Price
Calculate above

// Bulk Item Calculator

Add multiple items to calculate total VAT across a whole invoice.

How VAT Works

VAT (Value Added Tax) is a consumption tax added to goods and services at each stage of production or sale. Businesses collect VAT on behalf of the government and can reclaim VAT they've paid on business purchases. Consumers ultimately pay the VAT included in the final price.

Adding vs Removing VAT

Adding VAT (Net → Gross): Gross = Net × (1 + Rate / 100) VAT = Net × (Rate / 100) Removing VAT (Gross → Net): Net = Gross / (1 + Rate / 100) VAT = Gross − Net Example at 20%: Net £100 + VAT = £120 gross Gross £120 − VAT = £100 net VAT Amount = £20 either way

VAT Rates by Country

United Kingdom: Standard 20%, Reduced 5% (fuel, children's car seats, home energy), Zero 0% (food, children's clothing, books). VAT registration threshold: £90,000 turnover.

European Union: Standard rates vary from 17% (Luxembourg) to 27% (Hungary). Most countries also have reduced rates of 5–10% for essentials. The EU minimum standard rate is 15%.

Poland: Standard 23%, Reduced 8% (food, hospitality), Super-reduced 5% (basic foodstuffs, books), Zero 0% (exports).

USA: No federal VAT — instead, states levy sales tax, ranging from 0% (Oregon, Montana) to ~10% combined state + local (some areas of Tennessee, Louisiana). Sales tax is usually added at point of sale and not included in advertised prices.

VAT for Businesses

VAT-registered businesses charge VAT on sales (output tax) and reclaim VAT on purchases (input tax). Only the difference is paid to the tax authority. If you're pricing for business customers who can reclaim VAT, quote net prices. For consumers, always show gross (VAT-inclusive) prices.

Disclaimer: CalcHub calculators are for informational purposes only and do not constitute financial or tax advice. VAT rates shown are approximate and subject to change. Always verify current rates with your national tax authority.

// Net vs Gross

Net = price excluding VAT. Gross = price including VAT. Always clarify which you mean when quoting prices to customers.

// Registration

In the UK, you must register for VAT once your taxable turnover exceeds £90,000 in any 12-month period.

// Zero vs Exempt

Zero-rated goods are VAT-taxable at 0% (you can reclaim input VAT). Exempt goods have no VAT and you can't reclaim input VAT — an important difference for businesses.

// Invoicing

VAT invoices must show your VAT number, the net amount, VAT rate, VAT amount, and gross total separately.